Active and Passive Voice in Hindi
Voice
Voice बताता है कि काम कौन कर रहा है, और काम किस पर हो रहा है ।
मतलब: Sentence में Subject important है या Object important है ।
Voice वह तरीका है जिससे पता चलता है कि वाक्य में काम करने वाला मुख्य है या काम जिस पर हुआ वह मुख्य है।
Voice दो प्रकार के होते है ।
1. Active Voice
2. Passive Voice
Active Voice
जिस वाक्य में कर्ता (Subject) काम करता है उसे Active Voice कहते हैं।
जब Subject खुद काम करता है।
Structure:
Subject + Verb + Object
Examples:
Ram eats mango.
She writes a letter.
I play cricket.
यहाँ Subject काम कर रहा है।
Passive Voice
जिस वाक्य में काम का प्रभाव Object पर होता है उसे Passive Voice कहते हैं।
Structure:
Object + Helping Verb + V3 + by + Subject
Examples:
Mango is eaten by Ram.
A letter is written by her.
Cricket is played by me.
यहाँ Object important है।
Passive Voice के Rules
Rule 1
Subject और Object आपस में बदल जाते हैं।
Active: Ram eats mango
Passive: Mango is eaten by Ram
Rule 2
Verb की हमेशा 3rd Form (V3) लगती है।
eat → eaten
write → written
Rule 3
Helping Verb Tense के हिसाब से बदलती है।
Rule 4
Subject से पहले by लगता है।
by Ram
by her
Rule 5
Intransitive Verb का Passive नहीं बनता।
sleep
come
go
Tense Wise Passive Voice in Hindi
1. Present Indefinite (वर्तमान सामान्य)
करता है / जाती है
Structure:
Obj + is/am/are + V3
Example:
She writes a letter
Letter is written by her
2. Present Continuous (अभी चल रहा)
👉 रहा है / रही है
Structure:
Obj + is/am/are + being + V3
Example:
She is writing a letter
Letter is being written by her
3 Present Perfect (हो चुका है)
चुका है
Structure:
Obj + has/have + been + V3
Example:
She has written a letter
Letter has been written by her
4. Past Indefinite (भूतकाल)
किया / गया
Structure:
Obj + was/were + V3
Example:
She wrote a letter
Letter was written by her
5. Past Continuous
रहा था
Structure:
Obj + was/were + being + V3
Example:
She was writing a letter
Letter was being written by her
6. Past Perfect
चुका था
Structure:
Obj + had + been + V3
Example:
She had written a letter
Letter had been written by her
Future Indefinite
करेगा
Structure:
Obj + will be + V3
Example:
She will write a letter
Letter will be written by her
8. Future Perfect
चुका होगा
Structure:
Obj + will have been + V3
Example:
She will have written a letter
Letter will have been written by her
जिन Tense का Passive नहीं बनता
Present Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
Future Continuous
Examples
Ram eats mango.
She writes a letter.
They play cricket.
He reads a book.
I drink milk.
We watch a movie.
She cooks food.
He drives a car.
They build a house.
I clean the room.
She opens the door.
He closes the window.
They buy fruits.
I wash clothes.
She teaches students.
He draws a picture.
We sing a song.
They help poor people.
I repair the bike.
She plants a tree.
He sends a message.
They call the doctor.
I write notes.
She makes tea.
He throws a ball.
We catch fish.
They cut vegetables.
I paint the wall.
She learns English.
He sells books.
They bring water.
I carry a bag.
She fixes the fan.
He chooses a dress.
We arrange chairs.
They decorate the room.
I deliver a parcel.
She washes dishes.
He checks homework.
They complete work.
I open the shop.
She closes the gate.
He feeds the dog.
We water plants.
They invite guests.
I answer questions.
She prepares lunch.
He teaches English.
We organize events.
They design a website.
She reads the newspaper.
He writes a story.
They play football.
I open the window.
We close the shop.
She buys vegetables.
He repairs the computer.
They paint the house.
I wash the car.
We clean the garden.
She prepares dinner.
He drinks coffee.
They watch TV.
I carry books.
We send emails.
She answers calls.
He fixes the chair.
They arrange tables.
I cut paper.
We draw maps.
She teaches math.
He learns coding.
They build roads.
I collect coins.
We pack boxes.
She prints documents.
He checks emails.
They deliver goods.
I open files.
We save money.
She chooses songs.
He records videos.
They edit photos.
I upload files.
We create designs.
She sells clothes.
He buys shoes.
They plant flowers.
I water trees.
We pick fruits.
She decorates cakes.
He cooks rice.
They make plans.
I book tickets.
We arrange meetings.
She writes reports.
He solves problems.
They manage projects.
I fix errors.
We test software.
Ram eats mango.
She writes a letter.
They play cricket.
He reads a book.
I drink milk.
We watch a movie.
She cooks food.
He drives a car.
They build a house.
I clean the room.
She opens the door.
He closes the window.
They buy fruits.
I wash clothes.
She teaches students.
He draws a picture.
We sing a song.
They help poor people.
I repair the bike.
She plants a tree.
He sends a message.
They call the doctor.
I write notes.
She makes tea.
He throws a ball.
We catch fish.
They cut vegetables.
I paint the wall.
She learns English.
He sells books.
They bring water.
I carry a bag.
She fixes the fan.
He chooses a dress.
We arrange chairs.
They decorate the room.
I deliver a parcel.
She washes dishes.
He checks homework.
They complete work.
I open the shop.
She closes the gate.
He feeds the dog.
We water plants.
They invite guests.
I answer questions.
She prepares lunch.
He teaches English.
We organize events.
They design a website.